The severe head trauma suffered by racing driver Jules Bianchi in the Japanese Grand Prix on Sunday (4 October) when he collided with a recovery vehicle has been described by his family and medical support team as a diffuse axonal injury.
His injury is one of the most common – and potentially one of the most devastating – traumatic brain injuries (TBI), occurring in half of all brain traumas. Diffuse axonal injury is caused by the brain moving backwards and forwards in the skull as a result of acceleration or deceleration.
According to BrainandSpinalCord.org, a US resource for brain and spinal cord injury survivors, tissues sliding across each other cause a shearing injury which disrupts the ability of neurons to send messages and that can lead to the lesions responsible for unconsciousness and the vegetative state that often follows a very severe head injury.
Mild concussion is considered to be a form of diffuse axonal injury; at the opposite end of the spectrum, many survivors of severe injury may not regain consciousness and those that do can be severely impaired.
Bianchi remains in a critical but stable condition following surgery to remove a subdural haematoma.
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Please Note: This is an old Brain Injury Group article
The article above is from 2014 and may not be up-to-date